What role does genetics play in the development of cancer?
January 2, 2024 | 40,00 EUR | answered by Andrea Schlosser
Dear Doctor,
My name is Selma Heck and I am reaching out to you because I have some questions regarding cancer and genetics. Unfortunately, there have been several cases of different types of cancer in my family, which has me very concerned. I am wondering what role genetics play in the development of cancer and if I have an increased risk of developing cancer myself.
My mother had breast cancer and my maternal grandfather had colon cancer. Additionally, my paternal aunt has been diagnosed with ovarian cancer. This clustering of cancer in my family worries me and makes me consider if I may also carry a genetic risk.
I am wondering if there are tests available to identify genetic mutations that increase the risk of cancer. If genetic risk factors are found in me, what could I do to reduce my risk? Are there preventive measures or screenings that could help me detect or even prevent cancer early on?
I would like to learn more about how genetics play a role in the development of cancer and what options there are to protect oneself from cancer, especially in my case with a family history of the disease. I would greatly appreciate it if you could provide me with some information on this matter.
Thank you in advance for your help.
Sincerely,
Selma Heck
Dear Selma Heck,
Thank you for your message and your trust in my expertise on oncology. It is understandable that you are concerned about the familial clustering of cancer cases and would like to learn more about the role of genetics in cancer development.
Indeed, genetic factors play a significant role in the development of cancer. Some people carry specific genetic changes that can increase their risk of developing cancer. There are various genetic tests available that can identify such risk factors. Among the most well-known are the BRCA tests, which uncover genetic mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
In your case, with a family history of breast, colon, and ovarian cancer, it may be beneficial to consult with a genetics specialist and consider genetic counseling and testing. If genetic risk factors are identified, various preventive measures can be taken to reduce your risk. These may include regular screenings, a healthy lifestyle, a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and in some cases, medication or even preventive surgeries.
It is important to emphasize that genetic predispositions do not necessarily mean you will develop cancer. They simply represent increased risks that can be reduced through preventive measures. Therefore, it is advisable to work closely with an oncology specialist to assess your individual risk and take appropriate actions.
In summary, there are definitely ways to reduce your risk of cancer, particularly with a family history. I strongly recommend speaking with a genetics and oncology specialist to discuss your situation and take appropriate measures.
I hope this information is helpful to you and I am available to answer any further questions you may have.
Best regards,
Andrea Schlosser, Oncology Specialist
